Very Short Brief About Intel(R) Processors

The world most famous microprocessors manufacturer. Since 1971,intel has been produce microprocessors for the world electronic needs. Here we will see their first microprocessor Intel® 4004 processor

Intel® 4004 processor

thanks to the man who is so innovative and take us to new leap into digital era,Robert Noyce (1927-1990).

here are a little story of the father of intel microprocessors:

Let's get back to history,intel 4004 microprocessors which is work at 108 kHz-740 kHz. It only have 16 pin withh 4-bit instruction set.  It has 2300 transistors works under 108 KHz with 10micron manufacturing technology. It is mainly used as processors in calculator in that time. However,this processor has successor which we gonna see later. The successor,Intel® 8008 processor

Intel® 8008 processor

Intel 8008 which is operate at 800 kHz with 8-bit Data Bus. Intel claimed that this processor is about 4-6 times faster than Intel 4004.It has 3500 transistors. Next we gonna see Intel® 8080 processor

Intel® 8080 processor

These microprocessors works at 2MHz-3MHz with the 8-bit Data Bus and 64 KB Address Space.It has 4500 transistors in it under 6 micron architecture. It was released in March 1974. It was used in the Altair 8800,the first widely known personal computer. Next,we gonna see Intel® 8085 processor

Intel® 8085 processor

Intel 8085 operate at 6 MHz and still in 8-bit data bus. This chip consume power as low as 5V. It has 2900 transistors in it under 3 micron architecture Then We'll see Intel® 8086 processor

Intel® 8086 processor

The specs of this chip is more or less like Intel 8085,the differences are it has higher clock and has 16-bit data bus, works under 5MHz with 2900 transistor under 3 micron architecture. Next, we'll see a much advance microprocessors which it's die is not within the rectangular black coloured silicon casing or we call it traditional chip design. Introducing, Intel® 286 processor

Intel® 286 processor

Intel 286 or called as 80286. Operates up to 6 MHz with 16-bit bus width, with 134,000 transistors under 1.5 micron achitecture. Next, we'll see Intel486™ processor

Intel486™ processor

This processor was introduced on 1989,it has clock speed of 25MHz. Moreover, this processor has reach more than 1 million transistors count, it has 1.2million transistors under 1 micron architecture. At that time, the processors allowed users to go from a command level computer into point and click computing. Next, we'll see the most common name of intel processor. It is Intel® Pentium® processor

Intel® Pentium® processor

Intel® Pentium® processor which is firstly introduced on 1993 with clock speed 200 MHz. The main feature in it is the MMX intructions (Multimedia Extensions),which is mainly used in gaming purposes. It has 5.5 million transistors under 0.6 micron architecture. Next we'll see Intel® Pentium® II processor &

Intel® Pentium II Xeon® processor

Intel® Pentium® II processor &

Intel® Pentium II Xeon® processor

Intel® Pentium® II processor with clock speed 300 MHz, 7.5 million transistors under 0.25 micron architecture. The design of Intel® Pentium II Xeon® processor is or less the same except it is more powerful because it is used as workstation and servers processors. Next, we'll see Intel® Pentium® III processor

Intel® Pentium® III processor

Intel® Pentium® III processor, the processor that introduces 70 new instruction mainly internet streaming SIMD extensions which provide dramatically enhance the performance of imaging, 3D, streaming audio etc...

Intel® Pentium® III processor has clock speed of 500 MHz with 9.5million transistors under 0.18 micron Architecture. Next, we'll see Intel® Pentium® 4 processor

Intel® Pentium® 4 processor

Intel® Pentium® 4 processor which we commonly known processors among the others before it has 42 millions transistors under 0.18 micron architecture. Next is Intel® Pentium® M processor 

Intel® Pentium® M processor

Intel® Pentium® M processor is the time when mobile computer is starting famous among users. It consume low power and provide desktop quality performance. It has 1.7 GHz clock speed, 55 millions transistor under 90 nano-meter = 0.09 micron  architecture. Next we'll see Intel® Itanium® 2 processor

.

Intel® Itanium® 2 processor

This CPU is only for hi-ends PC like servers and workstations. Because this CPU can perform much bigger task,that why we cannot see this CPU for ordinary PC.. Introduced on 2002 with initial clock at 1 GHz and has 0.2 billions of transistors under 0.13 micron architecture. At the same year Intel® Xeon®

processor also introduced

Intel® Xeon®

processor

This CPU also for hi-ends PC like servers and workstations. Initial clock 1.7 GHz build with 42 million transistors under 0.18 micron architecture. Next we'll see Intel® Pentium® D processor.

Intel® Pentium® D processor

The first desktop CPU with dual core cpu. We'll unable to find mobile version for this CPU because intel only build it for desktop. Work with maximum clock up to 3.2 GHz build with 291 millions transistors under 65 nanometer (0.065 micron) which intel just entering nano-scale CPU architecture.The Intel® Pentium® D processor features the first desktop duel-core design with two complete processor cores, that each run at

the same speed, in one physical package not in hyper-threading mode which we'll see later in next intel core series CPU. Next we'll see Intel® Core™2 Duo processor the company is stepping forward with nano scale architecture and dual core features.

Intel® Core™2 Duo

processor

Intel® Core™2 Duo processor optimizes mobile micro-architecture of the Intel® Pentium® M processor and enhanced it with many micro-architecture innovations. Works with initial speed of 2.66 GHz, build with 291 million transistors under 65 nanometer architecture. There also mobile versions for this which the clock speed is 1.66 GHz only. Next, we'll see Intel® Atom™ processor

Intel® Atom™

processor

 Now Intel has release the super economy power usage with a little reduction of performance CPU. Intel® Atom™ processor which mainly used by small mobile PC like netbooks, smartphones and even tablets. It work with minimum clock speed at 1.28 GHz and some up to 1.8 GHz. Build with 47 millions transistor under 45 nanometer architecture. Next, we'll see the most latest series CPU and the most famous CPU which are Intel® Core™ processor Family. It is called family because Intel release 3 types of CORE-series CPU namely Core i3, Core i5 and Core i7.

Intel®

Core™  i3,Core™  i5 and Core™  i7 processors

(The Physical Image)

First Generation Die

(Graphic Die and Processor Die)

Second Generation Die

(Processors and Graphic Die Combine Together)

Third Generation Die

(Processors and Graphic Die Combine Together)

These three CPU Family has it's own feature, for core i3 it does not has Intel HD graphic chip (the GPU), does not has Turbo Boost technology and much lower clock speed than the other 2 of it's family. Core i5 which has Intel HD Graphic and Turbo Boost technology but has fewer number of core or thread than core i7. While Core i7 has the all feature in core i5 and Core i3 plus higher clock speed. Before this I mention about Hyper Threading. Hyper Threading is a system where one core CPU operates or processing 2 threads simultaneously. Just like dual-core CPU. The disadvantage of Turbo Boost feature in CORE series  is the Hyper Thereading feature will be disabled for a moment until the CPU is returning to default clock.